Carriage



J. L. CISGO. I ELEHng -EQJ Patenped'Aug 28, 1855.

N-PETEHS, PNOTO-LI'IHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. D. C.

JNO. L. CISOO, OF XENIA, OHIO.

CARRIAGE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 13,487, dated August To all whom 2'25 may concern Be itknown that 1, JOHN L. Crsco, of the town of Xenia, in the county of Greene and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful apparatus to be attached to the common coupling and running-gear of carriages for turning carriages and wagons short, by

moving the front end of the body sidewise out of the way of the fore wheel without bringing the fore wheels in collision with the body; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1, represents the top plane of the running gear, both in a straight and turning position. Fig. 2, represents the apparatus consisting of two half circle plates, and sliding bars which being attached to the ordinary running gear and coupling of a carriage moves the front end of the body to one side, out of the way of the fore wheels when the carriage is being turned short.

The half circle bars or plates M, G, F, and K, D, L, (Fig. 2) are made of fiat bar iron, one half of an inch in thickness and two inches in breadth, formed to a half circle on a one foot radius. The sliding bar D, E, is made of bar iron of the same size as the iron for the half circles, and twenty four inches in length, with a mortise through the end at E, three inches in length and three fourths of an inch in width, the fore end of this mortise at E, being nine inches from the bolt G, and running back three inches as seen at E, 6, (Fig. 2.)

D, C represents the line of the perch coupling the front and hind axles.

At E, (Fig. 2) a strong bolt is passed through the mortise of the sliding bar and down through the perch and fastens at the under side. This bolt has a broad fiat head extending back so far as to cover the mortise. The half circle bar or plate M, G, F Fig. 2 is fastened on the top of the front axle with bolts at M, and F and is also fastened to the lower side of the sliding bar D, E, at G. And the half circle bar or plate L, D, K, is fastened on the top of the front axle at D and passes over the first de scribed bar or plate. On the fore end of the sliding bar D, E, at D the head block is fastened on which rests the elliptic springs.

The line A, B (Fig. 2) represents the pol sition of the front axle. Now when the carriage is turned, for instance to the left as in the drawings, and the front axle brought on the line N, 0, (Fig. 2.) then will the half circle bar or plate L, D, K, stand at I, D, I (dotted lines) and the fastening G, be moved over to H, and consequently the sliding bar will be at'F, H, E, the long mortise allowing the bar to slide endwise so as to follow the motion of the half circle bar M, G, F, and F, will be carried around to P. The long mortise is now seen at E, a.

The front end of the sliding bar being at F, then will the head block, elliptic springs and spring bar all be moved over to the right as seen in Fig. 1, on the dotted lines. Consequently the position of the body will be changed from Z), 6, b, b, to 0 c c 0. The elliptic springs set on the hind axles in the usual manner, on the upper side of the elliptic springs at the middle of each are fastened fifth wheels Q, and B (Fig. 2) and the spring bars at each end of the body are fastened on the upper side of these fifth wheels so as to allow the hind end of the body to pivot on the fifth wheel at R, and the elliptic springs and head block at the fore end, to pivot under the fore end of the body resting on the front spring bar, at Q. The elliptic springs at the front end being fastened to the head block will always stand at right angles with the sliding bar as seen at S, T, Fig. 1.

hen the carriage is standing straight, the body loop on the left hand side is seen at Z) Z) which shows that the fore wheel would come in collision with it before the front axle could be brought around to the position as seen at N, and 0, (Fig. 1). But by means of the apparatus above described when the fore wheels are brought into the position at N, O, the body loop will be at 0, 0, keeping out of the way of the fore wheel in turning. The perch D, C is fastened into the center of the front axle in the usual manner with a king bolt. The fifth wheels Q, and R, are six inches in diameter, giving a full bearing of six inches for the spring bars, as the construction and operation of fifth wheels are well known to carriage builders, a particular description of them need not be given here. By using this apparatus a carriage can be turned short without bringing the fore wheels in collision with the body, and

without turning the hind wheels in a contrary direction from the fore wheels.

sisting of the half circle bars or plates and I sliding bar attached to the running gear as herein described, in connection with the fifth Wheels, by Which in turning short, the body is carried out of the Way of the fore wheels in manner as herein described, or any other apparatus substantially the same producing the intended effect.

JOHN L. GISOO.

Witnesses:

J. A. SEX'roN, T. MARSHALL. 

